Solvent soluble dry soil resistant fluoropolymers

ABSTRACT

A FLUORINATED OIL AND WATER REPELLENT AND DRY SOIL RESISTANT COPOLYMER HAVING AN INHERENT VISCOSITY AS A 0.5% SOLUTION IN TRICHLOROTRIFLUOROETHANE AT 30*C. OF FROM ABOUT 0.05 TO 0.8 SELECTED FROM UNITS DERIVED FROM MONOMERS HAVING THE STRUCTURE:   (I) WHEREIN THE SUM OF THE WEIGHT OF UNITS DERIVED FROM (B&#39;&#39;) AND (C&#39;&#39;) IS FROM ABOUT 15% TO 35% BY WEIGHT OF THE COPOLYMER; AND WHEREIN RF IS A PERFLUOROALKYL GROUP HAVING FROM 4 TO 14 CARBON ATOMS, R&#39;&#39; IS AN ALKYL GROUP HAVING FROM 1 TO 18 CARBON ATOMS AND R&#39;&#39; IS A GLYCIDYL GROUP. THE COPOLYMERS ARE USEFUL IN TREATING TEXTILE FABRICS TO RENDER SAID FABRICS OIL AND WATER-REPELLENT AND DRY SOIL RESISTANT AND THEY FORM STABLE SOLVENT SOLUTIONS OR DISPERSIONS.     (A&#39;&#39;) RFCH2CH2O2CC(CH3)=CH2, (B&#39;&#39;) R&#39;&#39;O2CCH=CH2, AND OPTIONALLY (C&#39;&#39;) R&#34;O2CCH=CH2,   (II)   WHEREIN THE SUM OF THE WEIGHT OF UNITS DERIVED FROM (B) AND (C) IS FROM ABOUT 15% TO 35% BY WEIGHT OF THE TOTAL COPOLYMER OR:   (A) RFCH2CH2O2CCH=CH2 (B) R&#39;&#39;O2CC(CH3)=CH2, AND OPTIONALLY (C) R&#34;O2CC(CH3)=CH2,

United States Patent 3,637,614 SOLVENT SOLUBLE DRY SOIL RESISTANT FLUOROPOLYMERS Edward J. Greenwood, Newark, DeL, assignor to E. I. do lont de N emours and Company, Wilmington, Del. No Drawing. Continuation-impart of application Ser. No. 803,093, Feb. 27, 1969. This application Aug. 19, 1969, Ser. No. 851,489

lint. Cl. C08f 15/40, 15/18 US. Cl. 26080.72 27 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A fluorinated oil and water repellent and dry soil resistant copolymer having an inherent viscosity as a 0.5% solution in trichlorotrifluoroethane at 30 C. of from about 0.05 to 0.8 selected from units derived from monomers having the structure:

(a) 'R CH CH O CCH=CH (b) R'O CC (CH )=CH and optionally (c) R -O CC (CH )=CH wherein the sum of the weight of units derived from (b) and (c) is from about 15% to 35 by weight of the total copolymer or:

(a) R CH CH O CC(CH ):CH (b') R'O CCH=CH and optionally (c) R"O CCH=CH wherein the sum of the weight of units derived from (b') and (c') is from about 15 to 35% by weight of the copolymer; and wherein R, is a perfluoroalkyl group having from 4 to .14 carbon atoms, R is an alkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and R" is a glycidyl group. The copolymers are useful in treating textile fabrics to render said fabrics oil and water-repellent and dry soil resistant and they form stable solvent solutions or disperslons.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This application is a continuation-in-part of U8. Ser. No. 803,093, filed Feb. 27, 1969, now abandoned.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION (1) Field of the invention This invention relates to fluorinated oil and water repellent and dry soil resistant copolymers. More specifically, this invention is directed to copolymers containing (I) F(CF ),,CH CH O CCH=CH an alkyl methacrylate and an optional glycidyl methacrylate or (H) F (CF CH CH O CC (CH )=CH an alkylacrylate and an optional glycidyl acrylate.

(2) Description of the prior art 3,637,614 Patented Jan. 25, 1972 ice Solvent soluble copolymers of R CH CH O CC(CH )=CH alkylacrylate or methacrylates and glycidyl acrylate or methacrylate are known in the art however no distinction is made in these copolymers between alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, glycidyl acrylate and glycidyl methacrylate or possible combinations thereof. This lack of distinction coupled with the art designated weight percent ranges of each of the monomers present results in the production of copolymers which are soluble in the chlorofluorocarbon solvents mentioned above, but which do not generally give long term stable dispersion in the commercially preferred trichloroethylene solvent. The necessity for a dispersion which is stable over extended periods of time is readily apparent, for if the dispersion should break down, valuable material would be lost and production would be halted until a new solvent bath could be prepared.

It is recognized in the art that the available fluorinated oil and water repellents are generally somewhat deficient in particulate and dry soil resistance. Dry soiling occurs when a fabric is brought into rubbing contact with dry materials such as dirt, dust and other powdery materials. The dry material is forced by physical pressure into the voids within fibers and, in the case of fabrics which have coating thereon, into the coating or impregnating material as well. Oil and water repellents on textiles only repel liquid-based stains but offer no protection against dry soiling. Remolving dry soiling requires that the cleaning medium be able to reach the dry-soil particle, emulsify it and carry it away. Oil and water repellent textiles are particularly prone to dry-soiling problems because they repel the water solutions used in laundering and the solvents used in dry-cleaning hence they are much less readily cleaned than are non-repellent fabrics. An oil and Water repellent material for textile application which resists dry soiling is therefore particularly valuable. Although various solutions to the dry soiling problem have been ofiered :for aqueous-based treating system, no solvent-based system has been suggested until now.

Fluorinated copolymers have now been discovered which are soluble or dispersible in solvents such as trichloroethylene {for extended periods of time, which display outstanding properties of oil and water repellency, and which eiiect dry soil resistance when used in treating textile fabrics.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to oil and water repellent and dry soil resistant copolymers having inherent viscosities as 0.5% solutions in trichlorotrifluoroethane at 30 C. of from about 0.05 to 0.8. These copolymers are selected from (I) Copolymers consisting essentially of units derived from:

(a) R CH CH O CCH=CH (b) RO CC(CH )=CH and optionally (c) RO CC(CH )=CH wherein the sum of (b) and (c) is from 15 to 35% by weight of said copolymer; or

(II) Copolymers consisting essentially of units derived from:

(3.) )=CH2, (b') RO CCH CH and optionally (c) R"O CCH=CH wherein the sum of (b') and (c') is from 15% to 35% by weight of said copolymer. In both I and II above, R is a perfluoroalkyl group of from 4 to 14 carbons, R is an alkyl group of from 1 to 18 carbons and R" is a glycidyl group.

3 DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The fiuorinated copolymers of this invention are divisible into two groups. The first group consists of polymers containing units derived from the fiuorinated acrylate monomer R CI-I CH O CCH=CH wherein R is perfluoroalkyl having from 4 to 14 carbon atoms, an alkyl methacrylate of the formula RO CC (CH )=CH where R is alkyl having from 1 to 18 carbons, and optionally glycidyl methacrylate. To obtain desired dispersibility in trichloroethylene, the combined concentration of alkyl methacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate must be in the range of 15% to 35% by weight of the copolymer. If there is less than 15 present, the desired solubility or dispersibility is not obtained. If more than 35 of the combined monomers are present, the resulting copolymers are not soluble in trichloroethylene. Likewise, if R contains more than 2 carbon atoms, glycidyl methacrylate should be present and the alkyl methacrylate must comprise at least 5% by weight and the glycidyl methacrylate at least 7% by weight of said copolymer regardless of the amount of the other comonomer present if the desired solubility or dispersibility in trichloroethylene and dry soil resistance are to be obtained.

The second group consist of copolymers containing units derived from the fiuorinated methacrylate monomer R CH CH O CC(CH CH wherein R is perfiuoroalkyl having from 4 to 14 carbon atoms, an alkyl acrylate of the formula RO CCH=CH where R is alkyl having from 1 to 18 carbons, and optionally glycidyl acrylate. To obtain the desired dispersibility in trichloroethylene with these polymers, the combined concentration of alkyl acrylate and glycidyl acrylate must be in the range of to by weight of the copolymer and if R contains more than 2 carbon atoms, glycidyl acrylate should be present with the combined concentration of alkyl acrylate and glycidyl acrylate being in the range of 21% to 34% weight of the copolymer with the alkyl acrylate comprising at least 5% and the glycidyl acrylate at least 6.8% of the copolymer. When less or more than these specified amounts of alkyl and/or glycidyl acrylate are present, the desired solubility or dispersion stability and/or dry soil resistance will not be obtained.

In each group one or two, when R is C the glycidyl acrylate or methacrylate, if present, should not exceed 12% by weight of the total weight of the copolymer.

It is also essential in order to obtain the desired results that acrylate monomer or comonomers be used with the fluoroalkyl methacrylate monomer and methacrylate monomer or comonomers be used with the fluoroalkyl acrylate monomer. If one or both of the comonomers is the same type as the fluoroalkyl ester, i.e., one or both are acrylates with the fluoroalkyl acrylate monomer, the desired results are not obtained and the needed solubility or dispersibility in trichloroethylene is not obtained.

The alkyl group, i.e., R, of the alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate monomer may contain from 1 to 18 carbons. From a standpoint of solvent solubility, particularly in trichloroethylene, 8 to 12 carbons are preferred. In regard to dry soil resistance however, the results of testing utilizing alkyls of 1 or 2 carbons for R render them preferable with respect to this particular property.

It is further essential in order to obtain the desired dry soil resistance and solvent solubility, that the copolymers of this invention be prepared in a solution polymerization system and that the resulting copolymers must have inherent viscosities in the range of 0.05 to 0.8 as 0.5% by Weight solution in 'trichlorotrifluoroethane at 30 C. Inherent viscosity is determined by the equation wherein n is the inherent viscosity, C is the polymer concentration in grams per 100 ml. of solution, ln is the natural logarithm, n is the viscosity of solution and n is 4 the viscosity of the solvent. If R has 1 or 2 carbon atoms, it is preferable that the inherent viscosity be'in the'r'a'nge of 0.05 to 0.45 and most preferably in therange of "0:15 to 0.25.

If, however, R contains more than 2 carbon atoms, the resulting copolymers preferably should have inherent viscosities in the range of 0.27 to 0.8 as 0.5 by weight solution in trichlorotrifiuoroethane at 30 C. Fabrics treated with copolymers having viscosities below the minimums set forth above lack dry-cleaning durability; while copolymers with viscosities above the maximum lack the desired solubility or dispersibility in trichloroethylene.

Solution polymerization of the particular monomers used to prepare the fiuorinated copolymers ofthis invention in a solvent such as trichlorotrifluoroethane generally gives copolymers in the desired inherent viscosity range without addition of molecular weight control agents such as dodecyl mercaptan. If other polymerizationsolvents are used, care should be taken to determine the effecton inherent viscosity. While a number of solvents could be used, the perchlorofluoroalltanes and particularly trichlorotrifiuoroethane and difluorotetrachloroethane are found to be most useful. With very inert solvents such as benzene, a molecular weight control agent may-be necessary. Solvents which are known to interact with polymerizations, e.g., acetone, ethanol, toluene, tertiary hydrocarbons, etc., should generally be avoided. Agents such as dodecyl mercaptan can be used in trichlorotrifluoroethane if lower inherent viscosities are desired. J

The solution polymerization generally follows Wellknown techniques. The monomers are dissolved in the solvent, a soluble initiator is added and then the solution is heated at a temperature which gives a convenient decomposition rate of the initiator used until polymerization is essentially complete. The preferred initiatorsolvent systems utilized range in temperature from {10 C. to C., however, systems having broader temperature ranges are also useful. Solvent soluble initiators include azonitriles such as azobisisobutyronitrile, peroxyanhydrides such as benzoyl peroxide or lauroyl peroxide, peroxyesters such as tert-butyl perbenzoate or ditert-alkyl peroxides such as ditert-butyl peroxide. Azobisisobutyronitrile is the preferred initiator. The resulting polymers can be isolated readily by evaporation of the solvent.

The copolymer solutions prepared as described above are usually more concentrated than needed or desired for application to textiles. The copolymer solutions may be diluted to the desired concentration using the polymerization solvent such as trichlorotrifluoroethane but most users prefer to use a somewhat less expensive diluting solvent such as trichloroethylene.

The fiuorinated copolymers of this invention are applied to textiles from trichloroethylene solution using any convenient application technique, for example, spraying, dipping, curtain coating, padding or the like. The solvent is then evaporated and, if desired or necessary, the treated textile is cured. The fabrics so treated display oil and water repellency and dry soil resistance.

Although the copolymers of this invention can be applied to textiles alone, it is preferable to coapply the copolymers with certain other materials in many cases. If durable finishes are desired, it is preferable to apply the terpolymers with certain melamine-formaldehyde condensates and/ or reactive polymers and optionally paraffin wax as described by Read in British specification 1,058,955. The reactive copolymers include (1) copolymers of long chain alkyl methacrylates such as ste'ar'yl methacrylate and dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylatessuch as diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, (2) chlorosulfonated hydrocarbons such as chlorosulfonated polyethylene,: (3) polyurethanes containing free isocyanate groups and (4) copolymers containing an acyl halide group such' as the terpolymers of ethylene, vinyl acetate and methacrylyl chloride. At"least'3% byweig'ht'of the'melaminefornral-' dehyde condensate or reactive polymer should be present. The fluorinated terpolymer should comprise to 97% of such mixtures on a solids basis. In general, such systems are cured after evaporation of the solvent, e.g., by heating at 140160 C. for one minute.

When a nondurable finish is desired, it is preferable to coapply the fluorinated terpolymers of this invention with melamine-formaldehyde condensates, certain nonreactive nonfluorinated polymers such as ethylene/propylene/1,4-hexadiene terpolymers and a wax. Such mixtures, on a solids basis, preferably contain 48% to 87% of the fiuorinated terpolymer, 4% to 17% of the nonreactive terpolymer, 6% to 23% of the melamine condensate and 3% to 13% wax. This system is more fully described by Read in Netherlands application 66,08665, published Dec. 25, 1966. In general, these systems are not cured after evaporation of the solvent.

A preparation of the fluorinated methacrylate monomer mers R CH CH O CC(CH =CH is described by Fasick and Raynolds in U.S. Pat. 3,282,905. In the preferred methacrylate monomers, R, is a mixture of straight chain perfiuoroalkyl groups containing 6, 8, and carbons predominantly. A preparation of the fluorinated acrylate monomers R CI-I CH O CH=CH is also described by Fasick and Raynolds, making the appropriate substituiton of acrylic acid derivatives. The alkyl acrylates and methacrylates, glycidyl acrylate and methacrylate are all commercially available monomers.

The prefered embodiments of this invention when R of the alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate contain more than 2 carbon atoms are copolymers of 74-75% recn cn o cc (CH3) :cn

where Rf is a mixture of perfluoroal kyl groups containing 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 carbon atoms, 14.0% Z-ethylhexyl acrylate and 11-12% glycidyl acrylate. A specific polymer of choice contains 74.4%

R CHzCHgOgCC CH 14.0% 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and 1.6% glycidyl acrylate and has inherent viscosities in the range of 0.47 to 0.67.

The prefered embodiments of this invention when R contains 1 or 2 carbon atoms are (1) a copolymer of 85% R OH CH O CC(C-H )=CH 10% methylacrylate and 5%. glycidyl acrylate, R; is F(CF -wherein n is 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 in the weight ratio 35/30/18/8/3 and the monomer has an average molecular Weight of 522, and (2) a copolymer of 75% 24.5% methyl methacrylate and 0.5% glycidyl methacrylate, wherein R, is the same F(CF --as above and the monomer has an average molecular weight of -8. Each of these two copolymers has an inherent viscosity in the range of 0.15 to 0.25.

The following examples are intended to be merely illustrative of the invention and not in limitation thereof. Unless otherwise indicated, all quantities are by weight.

In Examples 1-6 the fiuorinated monomers had the following characteristics:

Rf is F(CI wherein n is 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 in the weight ratio 35/30/18/8/3, average molecular weight 522, 58.0% fluorine.

R cHgcHzozccH cHz R; is the same as above, average molecular Weight 508, 59.4% fluorine.

The copolymers utilized in Examples 1-6 and described in Tables I and II were prepared by the procedure described in Example 1.

EXAMPLE 1 A mixture of three monomers (see Tables I and II for specific monomers, weight percents and properties) was placed in a vessel and diluted with parts of trichlorotrifluoroethane and 110 parts difluorotetrachloroethane. The mixture was stirred and heated at -74 C. while being purged with nitrogen. After one hour 0.1 part azobisisobutyronitrile was added after which heating and stirring were continued for 3 hours. A further 0.1 part of a20- nitrile was added and heating with stirring was continued for an additional 12 hours. The polymers were isolated by evaporation of solvent.

In several cases i.e., 24, 25 and 26 of .Table I, and 16, 17, 27, 29, 39, 40 and 41 of Table II, copolymers having lower inherent viscosities than were obtained by direct polymerization were desired, and these lower inherent viscosities were obtained by adding small amounts of dodecyl .mercaptan, about 0.1-0.2 part, to the polymerization mixture.

TABLE I.COPOLYMERS OF R:OH2CH OzCC=CH2 HCMA Triehloro- FA, Percent HCMA, GMA, plus GMA ethylene t. in poly- HCMA HCMA, percent in GMA, percent in percent in Inherent dispersiparts mer alkyl wt. parts polymer wt. parts polymer polymer viscosity bility 64 74. 4 16 18.6 6 7.0 25.6 0.49 Yes. 64 74. 12 14. 0 10 11. 6 25. 6 0. 48 Yes. 64 74. 16 18. 6 6 7.0 25.6 0. 44 Yes. 64 74. 4 12 14. 0 10 11. 6 25.6 0. 55 Yes. 64 86.5 4 5. 4 6 8.1 13. 5 0.19 No. 64 84. 2 2 2. 6 10 13. 2 15.8 0. 23 No. 64 82.0 4 5. 2 10 12. 8 18. 0 0. 28 Yes. 64 82.0 8 10. 3 6 7. 7 18. 0 0. 29 Yes. 64 80. 0 6 7. 5 10 12. 5 20. 0 0. 36 Yes. 64 78.1 8 9. 7 10 12. 2 21. 9 0.39 Yes. 64 78. l 12 14. 6 6 7. 3 21. 9 0. 38 Yes. 64 74. 4 16 18. 6 6 7. 0 25. 6 0. 50 Yes. 64 74. 4 12 14. 0 10 11. 6 25. 6 0. 45 Yes 64 88. 9 2 2. 8 6 8. 3 ll. 1 0. 20 N0. 64 86. 5 4 5. 4 6 8. 1 13. 5 0. 22 N o. 64 84. 2 6 7. 9 6 7. 9 15. 8 0. 24 No. 64 84. 2 2 2. 6 10 13. 2 15. 8 0. 23 No. 64 82.0 4 5. 2 10 12.8 18. 0 0. 27 Yes 64 82.0 8 10.3 6 7. 7 18.0 0.31 Yes 64 80. 0 6 7. 5 10 12. 5 20.0 0. 34 Yes 64 78. 1 8 9. 7 10 12. 2 21. 9 0. 47 Yes 64 74. 4 16 18. 6 6 7. 0 25.6 0. 41 Yes 64 74. 4 12 14.0 10 11.6 25. 6 0. 45 Yes 64 74. 4 12 14. 0 10 11. 6 25. 6 0. 13 N0. 64 74. 4 12 14. 0 10 11. 6 25. 6 0. 20 No. 64 74.4 12 14.0 10 11.6 25.6 0. 21 N0.

1 FARCH2CHzOzCOH=CH as described. HCMA=Alkyl methacrylate, alkyl as indicated. GMA=Glycidyl methacry- I Laury1= Commercial dodecyl, mole weight 262. Stearyl=Commercial octadeeyl, mole weight 332.

TABLE II.COPOLYMERS F R1CH20H2OZCC(CH3)=CH2 Trichloro- FMA, Percent HCA; HGA per- GA, GA per- HCA ethylene wt. in wt cent in wt. cent in plus GA, Inherent dispersiparts polymer HCA, all yl parts polymer parts polymer percent viscosity billty Polymer N 0. II-

.oimawona. .ANZLLLL tetitrast stlrnrrasnlaoo otaasaiat .1 444 99 646 9 M 111 1111 1mm ifuging tes in a inn 1 FMA=RICHQCHQOQCCKDHQZCHZ as described. HCA=Alkyl acrylate, alkyl as indicated. GA=Glycidyl acrylate. 2 Lauryl=Com1nercial dodecyl, mole weight 262.

taining 2% commercial dry cleanin deter ent and 0 7 EXAMPLE 2 g g 0 water. The fabrics were then dried by first centr Selected copolymers were converted to 7.5% A1. solufo one minute foll d by drying f fi m e wimmma S b n a S a. T a I r G r oh P fb t. n 00% f m m t u ns mSTOr 6 V. 6 p e aF mmm W 0 PM D .W. S Oote o wZc BPM wF mmmem f0 l wf On m n mw 3 UId ..1. lS C .a bCrS F H mw. m IT 3 mamaa m m m sm c C t n S at t 61 aeOT H H .1 on-1 0. V. S u n 0 1w d e e b m d v a nr e W. 8 0 g h 0 Ice t m bm whm r m auu.mU m IWXflA 5 0 4 5 cos 6 i t S O. H nnp nmfi 6" .lt C- m m u o P. mS n mm e t g1 m m .1 V.W n wb% m e 0 5 h 7 u 0 l e m n h m m m r a f mo Tm mmm m m e .r man 0 ne an H m mm mTw ml i 3 0 dsd.c mPw w mn PCD m m om m 0 UsPa C Additive solution n c c o gt Parts butyl ylate and 5 parts glycidyl methacrylate in a solution of trichlorotrifluoroethanes and diprepared according to pecification 1,058,955. The

trichlorotrifiuoroethane and difluorotetrachloroethane was diluted with trichloroethyl- A.I. Art polymer B is com- CH CH OCC(CH )=CH 12 parts and 10 parts glycidyl methacrylate,

y a process analogous to the preparapolymer solut1on 1n trrchlorotrifiuoroethane and difiuorotetrachloro- Chemists and Colorists, modified in that the test oils cone h ne W s l o lu e o 75% A1. wi h trichloroeth- The compositions were applied to several fabrics desigd e y m E u 3 s D m C. F B md n u A .mo d e m s a d n wv.

tained a blue dye dissolved therein and the readings were ylene. taken after three minutes rather than the 30 seconds required by the test. Water repellencies were determined F. Fabrics A, B and D were each by test method No. 22-1964 of the American Association 100% spun rayon upholstery fabrics, A and B were highof Textile Chemists and Colorists. After the initial ly sized. Fabric C was 60% spun rayon and 40% filament values were determined, the fabrics were subjected to one rayon upholstery fabric; fabric E was 100% woolen twill, or moredry-cleanings and the oil and water repellencies mercerized cotton poplin, 1.6 were again determined.

A standard dry cleaning (DC) consists of agitating the In Tables III-X, the specific copolymers selected for treated fabric for 20 minutes in tetrachloroethylene conuse from Table I are designated I-l I-2, etc., those selected for use from Table II are deslgnated II-l, II-2, etc. 1 DC-011 and water repellency ratmgs after 1 dry clean- The vanous column headmgs represent the followmg: mg. i

3 DO-Oil and water repellency ratings after 3 dry clean- ImL-Imtral 011 and water repellencres after treatment but ings before dry cleanmg' 5 5 DC-O11 and water repellency ratlngs after 5 dry cleanmgs.

TABLE III Fabric used and 011 repellenoy Water repellenoy fluorinated copolymer used Init. 1130 3B0 6B0 Init. me 3130 BDC 5 1 2 2 7o 60 60 6o 6 6 6 6 6o 60 60 6o 6 6 6 6 6o 50 60 6o 6 6 6 6 70 66 66 6o 4 a 4 3 70 6o 60 6o 6 6 6 6 70 7o 60 6o 6 2 3 1 6o 60 6o 60 6 4 6 2 6o 60 6o 60 6 2 1 7o 70 60 6o 7 6 5 6 7o 60 6o 6 7 7 6 70 60 6o 6 7 7 7 60 60 6o 50 4 6 6 2 7o 60 6o 60 6 7 7 6 50 50 6o 50 6 2 2 0 60 60 50 6 6 3 2 70 60 6o 60 6 3 3 0 so so 70 70 s 6 6 4 so so 76 so 7 6 6 6 so 70 70 so 7 6 6 6 so so 70 70 6 6 5 2 so so so so 7 6 5 6 so so 70 7o 6 2 2 1 160 so 70 o 7 6 4 1 so so 70 so TABLE IV Fabric used and 011 repellency Water repellency fluorinated oopolymer used Init. 1130 3DC 5DC Init. lDC 3130 5DC 7 6 1 o 70 7o 0 o 6 7 6 6 so 70 6o 60 6 7 7 6 so 60 6o 60 6 7 6 6 so 70 6o 60 4 1 o 0 7o 60 o o 6 6 o 0 so 50 6o 60 s 6 4 2 70 6o 60 6o 7 7 6 6 so 60 6o 60 6 7 6 6 so 60 6o 60 6 7 6 6 so 60 60 6o 3 3 o 0 7o 60 6o 60 6 6 1 1 70 6o 60 50 7 7 6 0 70 6o 60 6o 7 7 7 7 70 6o 60 50 7 7 60 6o 7 7 60 6o 6 2 o 0 70 6o 0 50 6 6 o 0 70 6o 60 60 s 6 o 0 so 70 0 60 6 7 7 6 so 70 60 6o 6 6 6 7 so 70 70 60 6 7 7 6 so 70 70 6o 4 o o 0 7o 60 0 o 6 6 0 0 70 6o 0 6o 7 6 3 2 so so 70 so 7 7 6 6 so so so 8 7 6 6 so so so so 7 7 4 6 so so so 6 2 0 1 100 70 70 so 6 6 1 2 100 70 70 7o 2 2 3 3 so 70 60 60 2 3 6 6 so 70 7o 70 3 4 6 6 so so 70 6o 2 3 6 6 so so 70 7o 2 2 2 6 so 60 6o 60 2 2 3 3 so 70 60 70 TABLE v Fabric used and Oil repellency Water repsllency fluorlnatsd copolyme! used 11111. lDC 3130 we Init. 1B0 3B0 5DO 6 6 4 4 so 70 60 6o 4 6 6 4 so 70 60 6o 6 6 6 6 so 60 70 6o 6 4 o 0 so 60 6o 60 6 6 3 1 s0 70 60 6o TABLE V-Continned Fabric used and Oil repellency Water repellency fiuorinated copolymer used Illit. 1DC SDC 5DC Init. lDC 3DC 5DC 6 7 5 5 70 50 50 50 4 5 6 6 70 50 50 5O 6 6 7 6 70 60 50 50 5 3 1 70 0 0 0 6 l 1 70 50 0 O 6 6 5 0 80 70 50 50 5 6 6 5 80 5O 50 5O 6 7 6 6 80 70 50 50 5 1 O O 80 5O 0 0 6 5 O 0 80 50 0 O Table VI below compares four copolymers of TABLE VIC0l1ti11uefl R cH cH o ccHzcl-l Fabric usvd and Oil repellcncy \Vatcr repellcncy fiuorinated copolymer having the same composition, varying only 1n inherent d Im 1DC 3DC Init. lDC 3DC viscosity. Polymer I-13 represents polymers within the critical inherent viscosity limits while polymers 1-24, 25 g 2 g8 g8 g8 and 26 all have inherent viscosities below the critical 5 5 3 70 70 lower limit. Art polymers A and B are also included for g g g g8 g8 2% comparison. 5 2 1 70 7 50 TABLE VI 6 6 2 70 70 70 2 0 0 07 0 0 Fabric used and Oil repellency Water repelleney 3 1 0 70 70 0 fiuorinatcd copolymer 4 0 0 70 50 0 ed Init. lDC 3DC Init. lDC 3DC 3 0 0 70 0 0 3 0 0 70 0 0 TABLE VII Fabric used and Oil repellency Water repcllency fluorinated copolymer used Init. lDC 3DC 5DC Inlt. 1DC 3DC 5DC 2 2 2 2 70 70 50 50 2 2 2 2 70 70 60 50 2 2 1 1 7O 50 50 60 2 2 2 2 70 70 50 50 2 2 1 0 80 50 50 so TABLE VIII Oil repellency Water repellency Init. lDC 3DC 5DO Inlt. lDO 3DC 5DC polymer Fabric used and fluorinated co used Art-B 00 wmmmaa O0 Timm 0 77 TABLE IX Oil repelleney Water repellency Inlt. IDC 8B0 5B0 Init. 1B0 3B0 5DC opolymer Fabric used and fluorinated 0 used Fabric A 000000 w-D-D-D'D u-D mwmwmmw 000000 WEB-0555 0000 mmm-D u-O-D 0 mwwmmms mmmwm mm wm 0 mmmmmms wm mm .mmwmmmw 000 o omm877 00 mwmssww mmmmmwm 0 0 000 swar -D 5 000 mwmswvs tion while two, II-39 and 's Table X below compares four copo 1ymers of Within the range of this mven z 2 2 a) 2 40, have inherent viscosities below that permitted in having the same composition, varying only in inherent invention. Art polymers A and B are included for comviscosity. Two, II-38 and 41, have inherent viscosities 75 parison.

TABLE X Fabric used and Oil repellency Water repellency fiuorinated oopolymer used Init. 1B0 3B0 5DC Init. 1130 3DC 5D? Fabric A:

6 6 6 2 5o 50 50 50 7 6 6 3 7o 50 50 50 6 5 2 1 70 50 50 50 6 5 0 2 70 50 50 50 5 1 0 0 50 50 50 50 6 4 2 2 50 50 50 5o 5 6 2 4 70 50 50 50 4 5 3 3 70 50 50 50 2 3 o 1 70 50 50 50 3 5 0 2 '10 50 50 50 4 0 o 0 70 50 0 0 5 2 0 o 70 50 50 50 2 2 3 4 70 50 70 50 2 2 3 4 70 70 70 50 2 2 3 4 so 50 50 5o 2 2 2 2 70 50 50 50 2 2 1 3 so 50 50 50 2 1 2 2 70 70 70 50 From the foregoing tables it becomes readily apparent TABLE XI that the copolymers of the present invention unlike the art known polymers maintain solubility or dispersibility in Condb Repellency the commercially preferred trichloroethylene solvent. The a c tio Type F-l F-11 F-Ill F-IV copolymers of this invention also display oil repellency Super twin commun Init 011" 4 5 5 6 properties superior to the art polyemrs tested even after 138 3 g g 6 one, three or even five dry cleanings and at the same time 1mm 80 8O 7O 3 display at least equal and often superior water repellency $383 Z8 28 8 properties. 60

EXAMPLE 3 Mens worsted g 54 g g The following formulations (F-I, F-II, FIII, F-IV) g g 3 were prepared in trichloroethylene 70 70 70 70 50 50 50 FORMULATION Polypropylene g 3 g 3DC 0 0 0 0 Percent OWF Init. Water- 70 1o 70 70 Component F-I F-II F-III F-IV Polymer 11-42 1 1.06 2. 12 Art-polymer-A 1.06 2.12 giffi fgggg {5 g g g 2 Additive-A 0.94 1.88 0. 94 1.88 we 2 p 2 5 6 Additive-B 3 0.60 0.60 0.50 0.50 Init' 100 100 70 so 1DC 70 70 70 70 l Both fiuormated polymers were 7.57 Al. dispersions m trichlorotriti 'n 14 7 A r 1 ti f lid 1 6 7 ti we 70' 70 l 70 70 1A itive- .a so u on 0 05 s compr sing .1 r sbehenoyloxyrnethyl-tri rnethoxymethyl-melamine, 4.5% chlorinated figgg figgggg g 2 g g polyethylene, 3.4% paratfin wax and 86% trichloroethylene. 3B0 0 1 5 B Additive-Bra 30% Al. solution of a water repellent ad uVant-fatty In. 80 70 70 1130 50' v 70 4 70 70 These data clearly show that retention of water repellency by fabrics treated with copolymers of the instant invention is at least equal to that obtained using art known terpolymers of this invention.

The following formulations (F-I to F-VI) were prepared in trichloroethylene and the two fluorinated polymers Results are shown in Table XIII below.

TABLE XIII Re ellene W Condip y 3 Fabric tlon Type F-1 F-II F-III F-IV F-V F-VI High pile-1 Inlt- 011.. 2 3 3 5 5 Imt. Water- 100 100 100 80 80 8 High pile-2 Inlt.- 011.... 2 2 4 4 4 5 Inlt. Water. 90 100 100 80 80 80 High pile-3 Init 011-..- a a a 4 4 4 Init- Water- 90 90 100 80 80 80 and Additives A and B were the same solutions as used in Example 3.

These formulations were padded on the same fabrics as A, B, C and D of Example 2 at 100% wet pickup, the fabrics were-air dried and cured for 1 minute at 121 C. The results are shown below in Table XII.

The'superior oil repellency of fabrics treated with the copolymers of this invention are again apparent and it should be noted that the spectrum of treated fabrics has now been expanded to include High Pile 1, 2 and 3.

EXAMPLE 5 The following formulations were prepared in trichloroethylene:

Art-Polymer-A 7.5% solution (Example 3) 2.60 on weight of bath Additive-A (as described in Example 3) 2.40% on TABLE XII weight of bath 3 Rep y Aluminum complex of myristic acid 0.5% on weight of Fabric tion Type -F-1 F-II F-II1 F-IV F-V F-VI bath K 5 2 2 z 2 2 2 3 4 5 5 Scotchgard FC-3ll--Commercial product for solvent g g g g g application 3.0% on weight of bath 50 5o 70 70 7 Water repellent fatty acid-chrome complex-0.25% on 50 60 7o 50 5 50 50 so 50 so wlght of bath F In 6 5 5 6 6 g g g g g Polymer-II-42 (7.5% A1. in trichloroethylene) 2.60% o 1 5 6 6 on weight of bath--Additive-A-2.4% on weight of 6 a it 6 6 bath 50 50 so 50 5o F-IV 50 5o 50 so so 5 5 6 Formulation III also containing 0.5% Additive-B, Ex- 1* g i 6 6 6 45 ample 3, on weight of bath 2 3 4 5 5 6 3 g g 3 Using a seven nozzle spray device, the designated 50 so so 70 70 fabrics were treated under the following conditions: 2 22 22 2a 50 50 5 Running speed-20 yards fabric/ min.

5 i g 50 Solution delivery-0.13 gal/min. for each of 7 nozzles. 0 I 0 0 4 g g Drying conditions1.7 min. at 93 C. o o 0 6 g?) g?) 3% .gg g?) Wet p1ckup50%.

. g g 8 g8 g8 28 The fabrics were evaluated as before with the results 1 shown in Table XIV.

TABLE XIV Formulation Oil repellency Water repellency F-I F-II F-III F-IV F-I F-II F-III F-IY 5 4 5 5 7o 7o '70 5 5 5 5 70 70 10 so 0 6 6 6 6- .70 7o 70 n Super twill cotton 5 0 6 6 70 50 70 Polypropylene 6 3 70 80 566 66186: of formnlations fF-I to F-VI) was prepared methylchloroformas follows:

v a u p v ,Perc ent OWF Component I. l Fell F-II F-III F-IV F-V -FVI Polymer-I142 1. 56 2.08 2.60 Art-polymers .56" 2.08 2. A ditlve-A.. .44 1.92 2.40 1.44 1.92 2. Additive-B 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

16 parts 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate and 1.9- parts .glycidy acrylate was prepared. The polymer'had an inherent viscosity of 0.32. The polymer would not form a stable dispersion in trichloroethylene but rather precipitated.

Art polymer B, previously described, when prepared using the procedure of Example 1 had an inherent viscosity of 0.61 and was insoluble and nondispersible in trichloroethylene. If dodecyl mercaptan is added during the preparation, polymers having inherent viscosities of 0.09-0.16 are obtained which are dispersible in trichloroethylene but these lack dry-cleaning durability.

A similar copolymer was prepared from 64 parts part of primary octadecyl mercaptan. The mixture was heated at 75 C. for one hour under a slow nitrogen purge, cooled to 70 C. and 0.11 part of azobisisobutyronitrile was added. Heating at 70 C. with agitation was continued for 3 hours and then a further 0.11 part of azo compound was added. Heating at 70 C. was then continued for 12 hours. The resulting solution contained about 32% polymer solids. Samples of polymer solids were obtained by evaporation of solvents for determination of inherent viscosities.

TABLE XV Copolymers of RtCHzOHrOzCOX' CHg RICHQOHQOP Inherent CCX=CH; ROzCCX"=CHz R"OzCCX'=CHg visct tysity .6 a at Polymer III No. X X" R X" 30 C 85 H CH; 15 0. 38 85 H CH3 15 0 0. 16 85 H CH; 13 H 2 0. 41 85 H CH: H 5 0. 16 75 H CH; 25 0 0. 46 75 H CH; 25 U 0. 22 75 H CH; 20 H 5 0. 17 78. 1 H CH3 14. 6 H 7. 3 0. 63 74. 4 H CH: 18. 6 H 7. 0 0. 56 73. 1 H CgHg 14. 6 H 7. 3 0. 69 74. 4 H C 115 1S. 6 H 7. 0 0. 72 74. 4 H C7H5 14. 0 H 11. 6 0. 54 67. 8 H CzH5 25. 4 H 6. 8 0. 67 85 CH3 CH; O O. 23 85 CH: CH: 13 CH: 2 0. 22 80 CH CH 0 0. 23 80 CH CH; 18 CH 2 0. 75 CH3 CH3 25 0 0. 18 75 CH: CH: 25 0 0. 18 75 CH3 CH3 23 CH; 2 0. 22 85 CH CH; 10 CH; 5 0. 14 75 CH: CH; 25 0 0. 18 75 CH; CH; 24. 5 CH: 0. 5 0. 24 75 CH; CH; 24 CH3 1 U. 25 70 CH3 CH3 0 65 CH; CH; 0

R CH CH O CCH=CH 2 ar a r acr late an 10 I 2 2 2 2: p tslllyl y d 8 parts glycidyl acrylate; inherent viscosity 0.40. It too was insoluble and nondispersible in trichloroethylene.

These data clearly show that when one or both of the comonomers is the same type as the fluoroalkylester, i.e., one or both are acrylate with a fluoroacrylate monomer, the desired result of solubility or dispersibility in trichloroethylene is not obtained.

In Example 7 the fiuorinated monomers had the following characteristics:

R; is.F(CF wherein n is 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 in the weight ratio 35/ 30/ 18/ 8/3, average molecular weight 522, 58.0% fluorine.

R CH CH O CCH QH R, is the same as above, average molecular Weight 508, 59.4% fluorine.

The copolymers utilized in Example 7 and described in Table XV were prepared by the procedure described in Example 7.

EXAMPLE 7 The following general procedure was used to prepare the polymers shown in Table XV.

A solution of 100 parts of three monomers (see Table XV for specific monomers, weight percents and properties) of the indicated percentages was prepared in 192 parts of 2 to 1 mixture of l,2-difluorotetrachloroethane and 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifludroethane containing 0.2

Selected polymers were converted to 7.5% A.I. solutions or dispersions in trichloroethylene. Pad baths were prepared using trichloroethylene to give the concentrations indicated as percent on weight of fabric (percent OWF) of the 7.5 solutions (percent OWF is the percent on weight of bath at wet pickup). The baths were applied at 24 C. on fabrics with nip rolls adjusted to obtain 100% wet pickup. The padded fabrics were air dried, cured for 2 minutes at 121 C. and tested for oil and water repellency (see Table XVI) and dry soil resist ance (see Table XVII).

The test fabrics used had the following characteristics: Fabric A13 oz./yd. woven upholstery fabric, Fabric Bwoven upholstery fabric, Fabric C-a 24 oz./yd. velvet, Fabric D--a 21 oz./yd. velvet, Fabric E87% rayon, 13% cotton 12 oz./yd. woven upholstery fabric, Fabric F-25% cotton, 56% rayon, 19% acetate woven upholstery fabric, Fabric G5 oz./yd. 100% cotton print, Fabric H-100% rayon drapery fabric.

Oil repellencies were determined using the Test Method No. 1l8l966T of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, modified in that the test oils contained a blue dye dissolved therein and the readings were taken after three minutes rather than the 30 seconds required by the test. Water repellencies were determined by Test Method No. 22-1964 of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists. The results are seen in Table XVI below.

wow mwwm R'0.ccX"-oH.

XII CH3 0.15. 19.0

RO2CCX=CH2 XII on3 01 11 .140 on Fabric G I Oil Water RO CCX"=CH EL i CH 4.76 and 2 parts of a polymer having the following properties:

RO CCX= 21 l OH; 11.6

R and R" being the same in Example 7. The results can be seen below in Table XVII.

TABLE XVII v [0.225% polymer solids OWF in all casesl Dry soil results-Fabric XI CH 76.2

FabricF Oil Water 70 be designated as C-l consisted of 1 part of a polymer having the following properties:

R OH OH O OCX=CH R CH CH O CCX=CHZ TABLE XVI [0.226% polymer solids OWF in all cases] Repel1encies-Fabric Fabric B Fabric 0 Fabric D Fabric E Oil Water Oil Water Oil Water 011 Water 011 Water better than un- Polymer IlI FabricA Dry soil resistance was tested in the following manner: Two fabric specimens (4 x 4 inch) were folded in half,

=Worse soiling of treated versus untreated sample. 5-0=Soiling of treated and untreated samples equal.

treated sample. =Soiling of treated sample noticeably treated sample. =Soiling of treated sample considerably better than untreated sample. 100=Soiling produces nb visible effect versus unsoiled fabric sample. The soil consisted of:

face side out and placed on the two blades of an Accelerotor Type AB-7 (Atlas [Electric Devices Co., Chicago, Ill.-without abrasive liner, 4.5 inch S type rotor). One specimen was polymer treated, the other untreated. The device was closed, 0.2 g. of soil (see below) was intro- Each specimen was then placed in a No. 5, Standard Buechner funnel fitted with an acrylic cap containing twenty-five inch holes in a rectangular pattern and one inch hole near the edge as an air inlet and held on the funnel with a two-pound weight. Air at p.s.i.g. was passed through the quarter-inch hole for one minute to remove excess soil. The two-fabric samples were then placed on a white blotter adjacent to each other. Dry soil 'Soiling of treated sample slightly better than un- Polymer III- duced and the device was run at 3000 r.p.m. for 30 sec.

resistance was rated according to the following system:

Example 8 was repeated utilizing commercial applica tion equipment to show a comparison of oil and water dry soil resistance between the copolymers v EXAMPLE 9 Additional copolymer solids, not within the scope of this invention, were prepared as ,in Example 7 for pur- Peat moss Cement Kaolin clay Silica Furnace black Red iron oxide 0.50

Mineral oil (white) 8.75

and was the so-called Cyanamide soil.

poses of comparison. These copolymer solids which will 75 repellencyand of the present invention and C-1. The test results are shown below in Table XVIII.

4. Copolymers according to claim 2 wherein R; has the formula F(CF wherein n is 4 to 14.

TABLE XVIII Copolymer Conclentra- C-l repellency III-23 repelleney III-4 repelleney t on on Fabric fabric Oil Water Dry soil Oil Water Dry soil Oil Water Dry soi 2 70 50 2 70 80 3 80 80 l 0 0 50 1 70 80 1 70 80 2. 25 0 7O 50 2 70 80 2 80 80 1. l3 0 0 50 1 0 80 1 70 80 3. 7 50 0 6 50 80 6 70 80 1. 9 2 50 0 5 50 80 4 70 80 4. 0 5 70 50 7 70 80 6 70 80 2. 0 4 0 70 4 50 80 5 70 80 9. 6 6 S0 70 6 80 00 6 100 80 4. 8 4 70 70 6 70 90 5 70 80 Concentration on fabric=percent of 7.5% A1. dispersions on weight of fabric.

These data clearly show that when the comonomers are the same type as the fiuoroalkylester, i.e., they are methacrylate with a fiuoromethacrylate monomer, the desired oil and water repellency and dry soil resistance are not obtained.

The foregoing detailed description has been given for clarity of understanding only and no unnecessary limitations are to be understood therefrom. The invention is not limited to exact details shown and described for obvious modifications will occur to one skilled in the art.

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:

1. Solvent soluble dry soil resistant oil and water repellent random, addition copolymers selected from (I) copolymers consisting essentially of units derived from (a) R CH CH 0 CCH=CH and (b) RO CC(CH )=CH and optionally (c) R"O CC(CH )=CH wherein R, is a perfiuoroalkyl group having from four to fourteen carbon atoms, R is an alkyl group having from one to eighteen carbon atoms and R" is a glycidyl group; and wherein the sum of (b) and (c) is from about percent to 35 percent by weight of the copolymer, with the proviso that when R contains more than 2 carbon atoms, (b) is at least 5 percent by weight and (c) is at least 7 percent by weight of the copolymer and when R contains from 1 to 2 carbon atoms, (c) does not exceed 12 percent by weight of the copolymers; and

(II) copolymer consisting essentially of units derived from (a =CH2, and

(b) RO CCH=CH and optionally (c') RO CCH=CH wherein R;, R and R are as defined in I; and wherein the sum of (b) and (c') is from about 15 percent to 35 percent by weight of the copolymer, with the proviso that when R contains more than 2 carbon atoms, the sum of (b) and (c') is from 21 percent to 34 percent by weight of the copolymer, (b) is at least 5 percent by weight and (c') is at least 6.8 percent by weight of the copolymer and when R contains from 1 to 2 carbon atoms, (0') does not exceed 12 percent by weight of the copolymer;

and wherein the inherent viscosity of each copolymer I and II as a 0.5 percent solution in trichlorotrifiuoroethane at C. is from 0.05 to 0.8.

2. Copolymers according to claim 1 wherein the inherent viscosity of each copolymer I and II as a 0.5 percent solution in trichlorotrifluoroethane at 30 C. is from about 0.27 to 0.8.

3. Copolymers according to claim 2 wherein R is an alkyl group having from 8 to 12 carbon atoms.

5. Copolymers according to claim 4 wherein n in the formula F(CF has the numerical values 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 present in a weight ratio of 35/30/18/8/3.

6. Copolymers according to claim 5 wherein R is an alkyl group having from 8 to 12 carbon atoms.

7. (Iopolymer I of claim 2 wherein R, in the monomers has the formula I-(CFQ wherein n is 4 to 14.

8. Copolymers according to claim 7 wherein n in the formula F (C1 has the numerical values 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 present in a weight ratio of 35/ 30/ 18/8/ 3, wherein the average molecular weight of the perfluorinated monomer is 508, and wherein said perfluorinated monomer contains 59.4 percent by weight of fluorine.

9. Copolymers according to claim 8 wherein R is an alkyl group having from 8 to 12 carbon atoms.

10. Copolymer II of claim 2 wherein R, in the monomers has the formula F(CF,) wherein n is 4 to 14.

11. Copolymers according to claim 10 wherein n in the formula F(CF has the numerical values 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 present in a weight ratio of 35/30/18/8/3, wherein the average molecular weight of the perfiuorinated monomer is 522, and wherein said perfluorinated monomer contains 58.0 percent by weight of fluorine.

12. Copolymers according to claim 11 wherein R is an alkyl group having from 8 to 12 carbon atoms.

13. Copolymers according to claim 11 containing about 74 percent to percent by weight of 14. Copolymers according to claim 13 containing about 74.4 percent by weight of R CH CH O CC(CH )=CH about 14.0 percent by weight of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and about 11.6 percent by weight of glycidyl acrylate.

15. Copolymers according to claim 14 having inherent viscosities as 0.5 percent solutions in trichlorotrifluoroethane at 30 C. of from about 0.47 to 0.67.

16. Copolymers according to claim 1 wherein R is an alkyl group having 1-2 carbon atoms.

17. Copolymers according to claim 16 wherein each (c) of copolymer I and (c') of copolymer II is no more than 12 percent by weight of the copolymer.

18. Copolymers according to claim 17 wherein R, has the formula F(CF wherein n is 4 to 14.

19. Copolymers according to claim 18 wherein n in the formula F(CF has the numerical value 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 present in a Weight ratio of 35/30/18/8/3.

20. Copolymer I of claim 17 wherein R, in the monomer has the formula F(CF wherein n is 4 to 14.

21. Copolymers according to claim 20 wherein n in the formula F(CF has the numerical values 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 present in a weight ratio of 35/30/18/8/3, wherein the average molecular weight of the perfiuorinated monomer in 508, and wherein said perfluorinated monomer contains 59.4 percent by weight of fluorine.

22. Copolymers according to claim 21 containing about 75 percent by weight of R;CH CH O CCH=CH 24.5 percent by weight of methyl methacrylate, and 0.5 percent by weight of glycidal methacrylate.

23. Copolymers according to claim 22 having inherent viscosities at 0.5 percent solutions in trichlorotrifluoroethane at 30 C. of from about 0.15 to 0.25.

24. Copolymer II of claim 17 wherein R; in the monomers has the formula F(CF wherein n is 4 to 14.

25. Copolymers according to claim 24 wherein n in the formula F (CF has the numerical values 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 present in a weight ratio of 35/30/18/8/3, wherein the average molecular weight of the perfluorinated monomer is 522, and wherein said perfluorinated 10 monomer contains 58.0 percent by weight of fluorine.

26. Copolymers according to claim 25 containing about 85 percent by weight of R CI-I CH O CC(CH =CH 10 percent by weight of methyl acrylate, and 5 percent by weight of glycidal acrylate.

'27. Copolymers according to claim 26 having inherent viscosities as 0.5 percent solutions in trichlorotrifluoroethane at 30 C. of from about 0.15 to 0.25.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 10/1966 Marascia et al. 11/1966 'Fasick et al.

JOSEPH L. SCHOFER, Primary Examiner S. M. LEVIN, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R.

260-285 D, 32.8 R, 33.4 F, 33.6 F, 33.8 F, 86.1 E, 853, 859 R, 878 R, 884; l17-138.8 UF, 139.5 A, 141, 143 A 

